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Postmodernism challenges ‘truth,’ can complicate religous beliefs

Published: Sunday, February 12, 2012

Updated: Monday, February 13, 2012 23:02

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Illustration by Erin Logan

The runner asks, "What do I have to do to win? I have to cross the finish line first, right?"

The person at the starting line says, "Well, I don't really know. I'm sure that's one way to win, but there must be several other ways. Surely you cannot claim to have exclusive access to how to win."

This is an extremely simplified and extreme example of a consequence of the worldview known as postmodernism. It is, relatively, the newest worldview today and has grown out of disillusionment with the Western world and modern thought.

Philosophers like Enlightenment thinker Immanuel Kant and 19th century philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche built the foundations upon which postmodernism is constructed. Simply put, postmodernism denies the possibility of absolute truth. It condemns truth-claims as grabs for power by the more powerful parts of society.

Nietzsche taught that "truth is a metaphor, an illusion of our perception, which appears real only because we have become so familiar with it."

The runner thought that the only way to win was to cross the finish line first, but the spectator decided that that opinion was simply a manifestation of societal influences. There might be other ways to win in other societies and they are just as valid and accurate as the one the runner was used to.

One of the particular problems I have with postmodernism is its impact on religion. If you believe that you are following the only way to achieve eternal life in heaven, for example, is that not something you want to share and attempt to let other people understand as well?

George Barna, the founder of the Barna Group, a research group specializing in the religious beliefs and behaviors of Americans, wrote in his book "Virtual America," that 72 percent of Americans agree, "there is no such thing as absolute truth; two people could define truth in totally conflicting ways, but both could still be correct."

But even more surprising is that 53 percent of those who claim there is no such thing as absolute truth identify themselves as born-again Christians.

Jesus said in the book of John that "I am the way, the truth and the life; no one comes to the Father except through me."

Even if you do not agree with Christianity or the claims of Jesus, this seems to be a statement of absolute truth as it does not leave much room for questions. Most religions make claims of exclusivity; they each claim they have the way to heaven or eternal life, but that has become unpopular in favor of watering those claims down to keep from offending anyone.

There is a difference between being tolerant of those around you and giving up the value of truth in exchange for not making anyone angry. In today's world, the postmodernist has the mindset that "truth" is relative to individual experiences and so no one can claim to have sole access to accurate knowledge.

This is an admirable goal, but there is a problem. If you believe something to be true, if this is the only way to do something, is it not the truth for other people?

The postmodern approach is that all truth claims are power plays; an attempt by one person to achieve dominance over another is particularly a question for religion. An article from postmodernpreaching.net describes how postmodern thought grew out of Renaissance and then Enlightenment thought until Nietzsche ultimately concluded that "truth is nothing more than an illusion." It seemed that many philosophers decided that truth was unknowable.

But was truth at fault or was it the fault of human beings who failed to live out the truth they claimed?

Instead of abandoning truth and adhering to the postmodernist line of thought perhaps we should learn better ways of acting on or communicating that truth.

 

Bethany Spare is a senior in history and political science. Please send all comments to opinion@kstatecollegian.com.

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17 comments Log in to Comment

Caleb G.
Fri Feb 17 2012 13:40
This comments here were recently brought to my attention by some of my friends. I hate to disappoint all of you, but I graduated from Kansas State last December, and in addition to not living in Manhattan anymore, I don't read the Collegian. I am tickled pink though, that my aged columns in defense of liberty and individual rights still enrage you. Cognitive dissonance has that habit. Good luck in life, and I hope this short message makes you rest easier in the knowledge that I am not, in fact, lurking in the comments section of my alma mater's newspaper.
Anonymous
Fri Feb 17 2012 13:04
Dear K-State Professors, please teach your charges how to argue a point, instead of engaging in ad hominems. Thank you.
Anonymous
Fri Feb 17 2012 09:00
Did this article just state that truth is Individual and we should all act upon the truth that we believe to be so?
Ryan
Fri Feb 17 2012 01:42
To Parent,

There are more mature people here at K-State. The anonymity of the internet brings out immaturity in some of the students here though. We have tried to have civilised conversations last semester but they always end up in name calling. If it is true that the anonymous person is Caleb G, it makes sense. He wrote obnoxious columns that were hugely flawed to anyone who does not share his radical anti-environment stance. After all of his articles, his fellow objectivists worshipped him and said that the professors need to be more like him.

I am glad I have not had a professor who is at all like Caleb. He is like an immature teenager who is sure that he is right even though he does not have all the facts. Instead of admitting that he should research more about a topic from unbiased sources, he calls names and compares you to a religious fanatic, even though his stubbornness of his beliefs resembles a religious fanatic much more than those who he calls one. He likes to think that his history examples and comparison of modern people to Nazis and religious fanatics convinces people. It does not, except for the uninformed people who are already in the objectivist club.

I think highly of most of the K-State professors, students, and community. Do not think that one immature angry student relieving his stress by anonymous name-calling reflects the community here. Most of us think that this anonymous person is ridiculous as well. Your kid will find much better people in classes and in the community.

Anonymous
Thu Feb 16 2012 23:49
As a parent of a transferring student, I am disturbed that not one comment seemed thought out or to the point of the article. Rather, the comments seem to be a chance to rant about very loosely linked topics, and a blowing of steam by those dissatisfied with this university or life in general. I hope there are better folks around for my kid to attend classes and make friends with.
James Duggan
Thu Feb 16 2012 22:42
If anonymous=Caleb(+)or(-)minions, doesn't that =cult? I learned that in Math 100
Billy
Thu Feb 16 2012 21:12
Anonymous = Caleb or one of his naive followers

Judging by the arrogance and grandiloquent language, the anonymous person is most likely Caleb though. He has a tendency to blame the professors at K-State because they have not educated the students to think like he does. Which is a good thing, because his beliefs do not agree with reality and reflect his privileged upbringing. He has never seen the people who have their livelihoods and their lands destroyed and who have to suffer through pollution on a daily basis. So therefore he says that there is no reason to worry about our pollution. It has not negatively affected him much, so according to his selfish ideology, he does not care.

Al Gore does not embody "the greens" as you like to call them. Scientists are skeptical. We see through your ridiculous points and would prefer that our daily habits and resource consumption are not negatively affecting future generations. But they are unfortunately. Caleb, go to Africa and tell them how Ayn Rand's philosophy will save them all. Tell them to be as selfish as you, and all of their problems will be solved. Then you may see how your philosophy only makes sense to the privileged. Or you may arrogantly assume you are always right even as the evidence builds up against you. The latter seems more likely for you though.

j
Wed Feb 15 2012 20:36
Nany, nany boo boo how is that for educated?

P.S. How did you like Occam's razor? I would love a tit to that tat.

Anonymous
Wed Feb 15 2012 19:34
The cause of Naziism Adolf Hitler. How it came about a defeated under educated populous looking for hope and needing someone to blame, so says Occam's razor
James Duggan
Wed Feb 15 2012 19:13
Anonymous,
Just because a few people wrote books stating their opinions on why they think Naziism came about doesn't that make it totally accurate, they both could be partially correct. Since neither one went through rigorous peer review, they are just opinions, as mine was. Anti-semitic laws had been in place since 1841, and the sentiment centuries previous. Germany made a spiritual break from the rest of Europe in the time of Martin Luther, The father of the Protestant Church. Germany is and always has been in Western Europe, maybe not the land, but the country. I'm going to assume you do not agree with the Continental Drift Theory and most likely learned science at the Creation Museum in Kentucky, and history from The Bible (your denominations version).

Exactly what is the Green Cult? Was that started by Tom Green, Red Green, or Mr. Green Jeans. Just because you, along with most, see the word cult in a negative light it is just a group, or faction, or what ever that share the same ideology, oops I said faction, as in Christianity.

If you believe the teachings of a few Philosophers molded a mostly uneducated populous you are highly over estimating the times. Yes, a small minority knew of these teachings, and as most power hungry individuals do, they totally misinterpret the author and do what is best for themselves. If Lenin would have lived, Russia would have become a completely different place. Hitler attended a trade school, I doubt they were teaching much Philosophy there.

Thank you for your pseudo Conservative/Libertarian views, I say pseudo because conservatives are only that way on social issues and Libertarians, in this country, do not know the definition of Libertarian. It's called Lassez-faire, they seem to forget this when it comes to social issues.

Anonymous
Wed Feb 15 2012 13:54
James, your professors must be proud. As for the causes of Nazism, consult The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich by William Shirer, published in 1960. Shirer was a liberal journalist who worked for CBS.

Pay particular attention to the section titled: "The Intellectual Roots of the Third Reich." "But German culture which became dominant in the nineteenth century and which coincided with the rise of Prussian Germany, continuing from Bismarck through Hitler, rest primarily on Fichte and Hegel, to begin with, and then Treitschke, Neitzsche, Richard Wagner,and a host of lesser lights....They succeeded in establishing a spiritual break with the West; the breach had not been healed to this day." "On 'Fichte's death in 1814, he was succeeded by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel at the University of Berlin. This is the subtle mind and penetrating mind whose dialectics inspried Marx and Lenin and thus contributed to the founding of Communism and whose ringing glorification of the State as supreme in human life paved the way for the Second and Third Reichs of Bismarck and Hitler.?

Shirer gives Kant a pass and he is wrong on that point. However, the above quote isn't even controversial.

Billy, reason and reality say that Algore is a fraud. Deal. With. It. Also, you treat science as a religion. Science is a rational methodology. In science being skeptical used to be a good thing, until the Green Cult tried to take it over.

Billy
Wed Feb 15 2012 12:56
The Objectivists (members of the cult according to Ayn Rand) love to preach like their prophet Ayn is the source of all wisdom and truth. They like to use big words and try to convey history in a certain way to show that they are right. In reality, anyone with critical thinking skills can see through their illogical and misinformed claims.

Science is the best tool we have to arrive at truth. It has allowed us to progress to the technologies and capabilities that humans currently have. But as soon as the science says that maybe we should change our behaviors and attitudes because we are greatly harming the environment and each other, then the science is blatantly rejected. People need to quit accepting the products of science without accepting its method.

We live in a reality that is best revealed by science, not Ayn Rand or any of her followers. If we do not start really considering how our actions are collectively changing this planet not in our favor, we will be in for a rude awakening.

James Duggan
Tue Feb 14 2012 21:29
Has anyone else noticed that a large portion of the comments signed anonymous come from individuals that don't even attend K-state, in this case the ghost of Ayn Rand. Stop bashing our Profs, Instructors and Student Journalists. You also might consider attending an institution of higher learning, that way you would understand that Naziism had nothing to do with philosophical ideologies it was about bigotry and hatred based on jealousy.
Anonymous
Tue Feb 14 2012 17:19
"Instead of abandoning truth and adhering to the postmodernist line of thought perhaps we should learn better ways of acting on or communicating that truth." Actually, we need to learn the proper ways of acquiring the truth. Objectivity is a learned skill. I would hope that's what's being taught at KSU. There is only one reality and we all live in it. Evading the truth has very bad consequences. Ignore a friend's bad character traits and you'll find out the cost real quick.
Anonymous
Tue Feb 14 2012 16:57
Google: "Martin Heidegger and Nazism" and see what pops up. Funny how so many post-modernists are Nazis, fascists or Commies. Funny, but not surprising. Also Google: "Nazism and postmodernism." At the end of the moral relativist road you'll find Martin Heidegger, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, et. al. waiting for you - along with some fuhrer/guru/messiah claiming insight into the "unknowable."
Anonymous
Tue Feb 14 2012 16:35
For further reading see The Ominious Parallels by Leonard Peikoff.
Anonymous
Tue Feb 14 2012 16:29
Disturbing article. Obviously, KSU professors are failing in their job to inform students of the results of bad ideas such as epistomological and moral relativism. Case in point, Kant was not an Enlightenment thinker. He helped kill the Enlightenment and brought about its antipode: German Romanticism. We have Kant, Hegel, Nietzsche and the rest of the usual suspects.

To illustrate the results of their nihilistic ideas, I pose a question to the "post-modernists": what is the truth status of the gas-chambers and crematorium at Auschwitz? Ideas have consequences. Too bad KSU professors don't teach the evil results of their tired sophistry. Believing that "there is no such thing as absolute truth; two people could define truth in totally conflicting ways, but both could still be correct" would be difficult while you and your family are in a cattle car on the way to the "non-absolute" gas-chambers.

"In brilliantly reasoned prose, Peikoff argues that the deepest roots of German Nazism lie not in existential crises, but in ideas - not in Germany's military defeat in World War I or the economic disasters of the Weimar Republic that followed, but in the philosophy that dominated pre-Nazi Germany. Although it was mediated by crises, Peikoff demonstrates that German Nazism was the inevitable climax of a centuries-long philosophic development, preaching three fundamental ideas: the worship of unreason, the demand for self-sacrifice and the elevation of society or the state above the individual."

"These ideas," Peikoff says, "are the essence of Nazism and they are exactly what our leading universities are now spreading throughout this country. This is the basic cause of all the other parallels."

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